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I was sitting down with a couple of my fellow programmers after a long day of testing our new online shopping cart, and we asked ourselves a very important question:

Why dont most science fiction books get the feel of programming right?

If youre not a programmer, youll doubtlessly protest: Theres a lot of programming in speculative fiction! But there isnt, actually. What there is is a lot of is hacking, which is to say breaking into established systems, usually with a lot of muttered techno mumbo-jumbo like Im in the mainframe! while hopelessly-inept thugs spray the area with bullets.

Now, theres nothing wrong with hacking. (One of my favorite series, The Murderbot Diaries, features a cyborg killing machine who loves both soap operas and hacking into cameras, so Murderbot is certainly well-balanced.) But programming involves the act of creation, of fine-tuning, of project managementnone of which traditionally lend itself to an captivating narrative.

So I asked: What are the core activities of programming, and which stories come closest to getting it right?

What Happens When Youre Maintaining A Project: Every day you arrive at work to look at a list of bugs that your customers have discovered, sorted by priority. You go down the list, from most important to least important, and try to fix each of them in turn.

These are usually not terribly exciting bugs. Which is good. You dont want the exciting bugs, which tend to be things like You know that salary information our program was supposed to keep confidential? Well, it didnt. And you get to hunt through code trying to find the error while the vice president of your company (salary $140k annually, plus three weeks vacation) calls up and screams in your ear.

No, most bugs are mild, obscure things like User is logged out every Thursday at 10:13 pm. If youre lucky, you patch a widespread inconvenience with a two-line fix and look like a genius. If youre not, youll be sitting there on Thursday at 10:13 pm, hoping you can see the bug so you can fix itwhich is known as the dreaded repro, short for Cannot reproduce the bug, which is programmer-speak for That doesnt happen when I do it, so who knows whats happening?

Maintenance is, generally, tedium. The code is well known. The problems are low-key. Not exactly high stakes stuff.

So what novel best feels like maintaining code?

Three Parts Dead is technically about magical lawbut it turns out that magically-enforced laws turn out to have a lot of overlap with programming, even if the protagonists think of themselves as contract negotiators.

The novel starts out with the exciting kind of bugKos Everburning has been found dead by his priesthood for no reason that anyone can understand, and the junior partner and the new developer are sent in to investigate. It turns out that whats happened to Kos Everburning is very much a bug in every (computerized) sense of the term, and much of the novel concerns itself with forms of data recoveryor, more accurately, retrieving the contracts that fuel a gods power.

Three Parts Dead isnt about the mild kind of maintenancebut then again, slow bug-fixing would probably make a lousy book. And theres a lot more horrible gargoyles and soul-sucking shadows and vampires than youre likely to encounter in troubleshooting your Apache stack.

But close enough.

What Happens When Youre Working On Legacy Code: This code has been around longer than youve been alive, and it will be around long after youre dead. And like all ancient thingsincluding cars, plumbing, and peoplelegacy code has quirks you have to work around lest you encounter its ire.

The trick to legacy code is that it is, by definition, the most vital code in your program. People use it every day, and they cant not use it, so altering legacy code is like doing heart surgery. On a jogger. Who refuses to stop jogging while youre doing heart surgery on them.

Everyone knows the legacy code is bad. Half your job consists of facing teams of management who brightly say, Well, it should be easy to while you explainwithout looking like youre stonewalling themthat in fact, that this trivial fix will require eighteen months of resources minimum because some obscure limitation of the legacy code (the portion of code nicknamed the dream crusher) is the entire reason we cant have nice things.

What you dont tell them is that even if they approve the eighteen-month project, their fix will in fact probably never get implemented, because the legacy code has outlasted previous teams of management, and will outlast them, and will probably outlast the heat death of the universe.

So what novel best feels like working on legacy code?

Honestly, most of A Deepness In The Sky doesnt involve legacy codingits a sprawling space opera about first contact and a culture of Spiders in the throes of their own scientific revolution, and a great big juicy hatesink of a villain.

But when I talked to other programmers, what they remembered was Vinges profession of the programmer-archaeologist, whose whole job was sifting through aeons-old code to try to understand what all of this mysterious infrastructure does, hunting through the archives to extract and resettle useful programs.

Theres even a hidden wink to Unix timestamps in thereindicating that long after humanity has spread across to the stars, well still be marking our time (as many computers today) as the seconds elapsed since midnight on January 1st, 1970.

All the way to the heat death of the universe.

What Happens When Youre Building Long-Term Projects: At one point, the projected failure rate of massive IT projects was around 50%; now, with much better management structures and development skills in place, that failure rate is down to around 15%.

Still. Those Russian roulette odds means signing onto a long-term project is an act of faith.

Theres a good chance that you will pour your best programming art into this project, only for it to fail for reasons that were by no means your own. Maybe management figures out halfway through that what you built isnt actually what they needed. (Non-programmers are astonishingly incoherent when it comes to explaining what they want, and often demand you to do the exact opposite of what they need.) Maybe another manager takes over and doesnt believe in your project, so he starves it of resources until you dwindle to dust. Maybe some other company devises a better solution, and they abandon you to buy that.

Every line of code you write is a hope. (Quite often, that hope is that you will slay the dreaded Legacy Code.) But you dont write a lot of code; instead, you hold endless meetings with other programmers, debating weighty theories as to how this complex thing should function, getting bogged down in minutiae that actually do matter, but every moment spent in these necessary arguments is running out the clock.

Some days you feel like youre programming a dreamthat youre wrestling with more of an idea than an outcome.

So what novel best feels like building long-term projects?

There is a vast river of mist that separates an empire. A man wants to build a great bridge to join the two halves.

Thats pretty much the story.

Kij Johnsons prose is always dazzling and sparse, and her mastery has never been more on form than in this novella, which isnt so much about code as it is that sense of immensity you feel, looking straight on at something that is so monumentally difficult that you might never finish it. And Kij is very precise in describing the elements of building, the huge influx of resources it will take to accomplish this task.

Its not about programming in the physical sense; despite the title of software engineer, building a bridge isnt much like creating a program at all. But The Man Who Bridged The Mist is very much about that sense of wonder, of sweat, of politicsall the things that must come together to create the impossible.

What Happens When Youre Joining Things Together: Wanna know the trick about programming? No individual part is all that difficult.

Dont understand how one website calls another to get information? You could learn that in an afternoon. Want to know how a database stores your password safely? Thats like two hours. How to get words in a browser to render in bold, italic, or superscript?

Fifteen minutes. Seriously.

But programming does require expertise, because while no individual portion tends to be indecipherable, its putting them all together that requires many overlapping knowledge bases. Putting together a website that allows you to log in requires knowledge of how websites talk to each other, and storing passwords, and getting words to render the login formbut theres so much more you need on top of that to get it to function.

Whats happening is that you are assembling a Justice League together from your own skillsets, piling on all the little aptitudes youve gained along the way until you can create something magnificent by fusing these modular skills into one project.

And thenif youre luckysome hotshot programmer comes along and shows you how you can spin three plates in tandem to make your code do something you never thought it could do before, something more powerful and intoxicating and whoa we are flying high on the narcotic of our own tech.

So what novel feels most like being dazzled by new interactions?

As is usual with fantasy books that evoke programming, theres a lot more magical ninjas involved than youre likely to see scanning Stack Overflow. But the flourishing tech start-up economy of Bennetts steampunk city of Tevanne is fueled by scrivingsmagical instructions that alter reality. And a plucky kid is tasked with stealing an important artifact that, of course, is more than it appears.

But what Bennett nails in this book is that feeling of technology stacking upon itself. The magic follows rules, and the rules are clear, but the ramifications are not fully thought through. And theres multiple times when the characters face down impossible uses of scriving that, when broken down, not only seem plausible, but almost downright inevitable in how they got used.

Plus, you know, theres a whole criticism of the merchant houses that rule the city, and what that refined capitalism-as-cult does to the power structure. So if you want a little critique with your intrigue, well, here ygo.

What Happens When The Documentation Sucks: It feels like there should be a fantasy series that handles this, because you never feel more like a D&D Wizard learning a new spell than when youre poring over someone elses half-assed documentation.

Except the wizards in books all have this admirable commitment to documenting every aspect of their spells so others can learn them safely. Whereas the code that actual programmers write tend to be like 18th century cookbooks, where they assume with a frightening confidence that you already understand how much suet goes in a blood pudding so were just not gonna talk about that.

Or the documentation is about that pie you desperately need to bake, except that theyre not making the pie using an oven or a pie tin, no, these people have a kitchen that only uses an air fryer that youve never heard of and they bake their pies in a pile of natural coal, but you sort of hope its the same principles so its pie time, mofos.

Or you follow the documentation note-for-note, levelling up your baking skills until you understand this Bakewell tart so thoroughly that youre sure Paul Hollywood himself would give you a handshake over it, only to discover that theyve discontinued that brand of Bakewell tart and the new children 3.0 wont eat it.

Plus, wizards in stories are smart. They generally dont type in inscrutable commands we found on our servers in the hopes that this doesnt actually summon a demon (or, in our case, install a malicious daemon on our hard drive). Theyre never pretty sure they understood most of whats happening here, and what they understood fixed the code so far, so time to do the old cut-and-copy and call response code YOLO.

Which is not to say theres not some attention paid to bad documentation in magic, but the books tend to be The wizard goofed up the spell, not This spellbook was written by disinterested wizards who just wanted to get the bare minimum down before they went off for some pipeweed.

So what novel feels most like when the documentation sucks?

No winner.

Im not saying there isnt oneIm merely saying that I havent read it. Im sure you all have suggestions in the comments.

But those books need to look a lot like this XKCD homage to DenverCoder9.

What Happens When Your Technology Takes New Root: Technology is like memes; the greatest sign of success is that people start messing with it.

And when they mess with your technology, if youre lucky, your users will find uses for it that you never considered. Twitter was originally seen as a glorified group chatnobody thought that itd become the main method for Black Lives Matter groups to propagate evidence of police brutality. Flickr (a photo website sadly waning in influence now) started off as a way to share screenshots on a MMORPG. Heck, in its early stages, the Internet was basically seen as a way to store documentation.

Every technology that takes root evolves in unpredictable ways. And when truly life-changing technology hits, it transforms society. Thats a responsibility that every programmer needs to face up tothe same code that makes it easy to check in on your kids can become a way for an abusive partner to lock their spouse into misery. And let us not forget the astounding cruelty that can take place when an unthinking coder decides that User engagement is the same thing as Happiest post of the year! and decides to drag out a fathers dead daughter as the top post in their year in review.

(RIP, Rebecca Alison Meyer, forever embedded in the Internet as #rebeccapurple.)

So what novel feels most like technology changing society?

Nexus is the first in a trilogy, but trust me, youll want to read the whole thing. Because it deals what happens when programmers perfect the Nexus OSan operating system that ties directly into your brain.

This is not a unique take. But what makes Nexus so relentlessly unique is the way that the brain-hacking keeps spiraling into new hands, and those hands in turn change what the Nexus OS is for. Governments want to use it for both surveillance and control, obviously, but they see it as a threat to freedom. The hackersor at least the Burning Man-flavored hackers presented heresee it as an opportunity, or a drug, or the possibility for unique forms of psychotherapy.

None of them are wrong.

What Naam does in this book is astounding, in a science-fiction book: he doesnt really seem to have an opinion. Is Nexus good? Bad? Neutral? That all strictly depends on whos using it, and even the characters change their opinions on Nexus as the world begins to shape and adapt to it.

When you look at something like the Internet, its been both a force for unalloyed good and an enabler of seething evils. Nexus would be exactly the same. And here, in the Nexus trilogy, technology is allowed to be a reflection of human growth, not the seed-bed for a moralizing author tract.

What Happens When You Have To Deal With Patch Notes: In an ideal world, your fellow programmer would be your ally. But often, your fellow programmers are the oppositionadding trivial bugs they should have caught, rewriting perfectly good code to fit their own pedantic standards, ignoring the big warning sign that says PLEASE DO NOT OPEN THE CAGE WITH THE FACE-EATING LEOPARDS shortly before filing a ticket that says Face eaten, pls help.

So you have long threads devoted to What Not To Do, and then people argue about What Should Be Done, and its tedious and bureaucratic and yet somehow necessary.

So what novel feels most like dealing with patch notes?

Gonna be honest; I made this category just because I still love this story.

Its not a novel. Its about, what, 2,000 words max? But it honestly does feel like this. Promise. And its amusing as all hell.

What Its Like To Find Your Users Contorting Themselves Into Pretzels Over A UI Bug You Could Have Fixed In Twenty Minutes: Remember when I said that non-programmers are routinely very bad at knowing what they want, and ask for massive solutions that dont actually fix their problem?

Welp, theres a flip side to that: people who treat anything computerized as though it were set in stone.

Now, this generally doesnt apply to customers; theyre an odd mix of continually demanding and dead-as-the-void silent. But if you develop software for an office, the people at that office will often assume that this is all management will allow them to have.

Your software will become the thing they have to work around, and theyll never tell you.

If youre not careful, youll find entire cultures warped around a feature you could have knocked off in an afternoon. Secretaries will mail each other spreadsheets of invoice numbers that they looked up, painfully, one by one, when you could have literally added one control to the search bar. Clerks will enter in forty-digit gift certificates on a keypad because nobody thought to ask for a scanner.

And you will walk in to stammer, Thatno. You dont have towe could And somewhere in the back of your mind you will be tallying all the hours lost to this worship of The Software, and wonder how soon you can rescue these poor, benighted souls from their own faith.

So what novel feels most like finding your users contorting themselves into pretzels over a UI bug you could have fixed in twenty minutes?

No winner.

Again, Im not saying nobodys written this book, Im merely saying that I havent found it. Please, sound off.

But personally, Id love to read some behemoth of a novel detailing an oppressed civilization rebelling against a malicious AI, and at the end of it some dude from QA comes in and says, Oh, yeah, we can patch that and fixes it in a weekend.

What Its Like To Optimize Your Computers: If youve ever spun up a computer with Linux installed, you know theres an overwhelming amount of options that you can tweak. You can go blind staring at a thirty-page manual that documents the options for a single command let alone the options on the four hundred or so other commands.

Sure, the defaults are probably good. And maybe even secure, if youve found a Linux distro thats user-friendly.

But what if you really need to fine-tune that server until it sings? What if youre spinning up a web server that needs to handle 50,000 users connecting all at once? What if youve got a ton of complex data, and you need to make sure your data storehouse is optimized to return answers to any query under 15 milliseconds?

Well, then youre gonna take such a deep dive into the documentation that you risk getting compression sickness. Youre gonna trawl forums, check Stack Overflow, drop into Slacks and Discords to ask the experts. There are people who are paid to do nothing but make computers run sleeker, harder, better, fasterand if you want to get there, youre going to have to have a fundamental understanding of the keepalive timeouts and the proxy caches.

So what novel feels most like dealing with optimizing your computers?

Full disclosure: I wrote this book, so, you know, take my recommendation with the mandated grain of salt.

That said, I wrote this book as a programmer who was very curious about what cybercombat would be like in the futurebecause eventually, when real-time computer image processing gets to be quick and reliable enough, there will come a day when the computer can outdraw and fire our slow, tired human reflexes.

At which point, everything will come down to optimization. Because once you remove the human element from warfare, well, whats that mean for programmers when your default settings were lax enough to accidentally fire upon an innocent child?

Thats where Mat, the hero of Automatic Reload, is right now: hes a hulking cyborg with prosthetic armaments, and he has emerged from a blink-of-an-eye combat to realize that his guns have killed the wrong person. As such, hes become obsessed with fine-tuning, ensuring all the maintenance he does will never again harm a bystander no matter what firefights might erupt, and that mechanized PTSD is slowly killing him. Fortunately, he finds the right girl to help talk him out of his trauma.

Unfortunately, shes also a genetically engineered killing machine.

What Its Like To Have Bad Management As A Programmer: Want to know one of the nicest things a good manager can say to you?

I know this is a terrible solution. Its tech debt, and well regret it later. But our CEO needs a fix this week, not in six months, so get to it.

The rest is here: 8 Science Fiction Books That Get Programming Right - tor.com

Read the original:
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